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Jamaica is a middle-class neighborhood in the New York Cityborough of Queens. The neighborhood is part of Queens Community Board 12, which also includes Hollis, St. Albans, Springfield Gardens, Baisley Pond Park, Rochdale Village, and South Jamaica.^[5] Jamaica is patrolled by the 103rd and 113th Precincts of the New York City Police Department.

Jamaica was settled under Dutch rule in 1656 in New Netherland as Rustdorp.^[6][7] Under British rule, Jamaica became the center of the 'Town of Jamaica'. Jamaica was the first county seat of Queens County, holding that title from 1683 to 1788, and was also the first incorporated village on Long Island. When Queens was incorporated into the City of Greater New York in 1898, both the Town of Jamaica and the Village of Jamaica were dissolved, but the neighborhood of Jamaica regained its role as county seat. Today, some locals group Jamaica's surrounding neighborhoods into an unofficial Greater Jamaica, roughly corresponding to the former Town of Jamaica.^[8]

Jamaica is the location of several government buildings including Queens Civil Court, the civil branch of the Queens County Supreme Court, the Queens County Family Court and the Joseph P. Addabbo Federal Building, home to the Social Security Administration's Northeastern Program Service Center.^[9] The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Northeast Regional Laboratory as well as the New York District Office are also located in Jamaica. Jamaica Center, the area around Jamaica Avenue, is a major commercial center. The New York Racing Association, based at Aqueduct Racetrack in South Ozone Park, lists its official address as Jamaica (Central Jamaica once housed NYRA's Jamaica Racetrack, now the massive Rochdale Village housing development). John F. Kennedy International Airport and the hotels nearby also use Jamaica as their address.

• 1History
• 2Demographics
• 3Economy
  • 3.2Notable businesses
• 8Education
  • 8.1Primary and secondary schools
• 9Transportation

History[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Although many current residents of the Jamaica neighborhood are immigrants from the Caribbean country of the same name, the origins and meanings of the two names differ entirely. The neighborhood was named Yameco, a corruption of a word for 'beaver' in the Lenape language spoken by the Native Americans who lived in the area at the time of first European contact.^[10] The liquid 'y' sound of English is spelled with a 'j' in Dutch, the language of the first people to write about the area; the English conquerors retained this Dutch spelling, but, after repeated reading and speaking of 'Jamaica', slowly replaced the liquid sound with the hard 'j' of the English pronunciation of the name today.^[11] (In the Caribbean, the aboriginal Arawaks named their island Xaymaca, 'land of wood and water', and the 'x' spelling in Spanish was in time transformed to the hard 'j' of the modern English name, 'Jamaica'.)^[12]

Precolonial and colonial periods[edit]

Jamaica Avenue was an ancient trail for tribes from as far away as the Ohio River and the Great Lakes, coming to trade skins and furs for wampum.^[13] It was in 1655 that the first settlers paid the Native Americans with two guns, a coat, and some powder and lead, for the land lying between the old trail and 'Beaver Pond' (now filled in; what is now Tuckerton Street north of Liberty Avenue runs through the site of the old pond, and Beaver Road was named for its western edge). Dutch Director-GeneralPeter Stuyvesant dubbed the area Rustdorp ('rest-town') in granting the 1656 land patent.

The English took over in 1664 and made it part of the county of Yorkshire. In 1683, when the British divided the Province of New York into counties, Jamaica became the county seat of Queens County, one of the original counties of New York.

Colonial Jamaica had a band of 56 minutemen who played an active part in the Battle of Long Island, the outcome of which led to the occupation of the New York City area by British troops during most of the American Revolutionary War. Rufus King, a signer of the United States Constitution, relocated here in 1805. He added to a modest 18th-century farmhouse, creating the manor which stands on the site today. King Manor was restored at the turn of the 21st century to its former glory, and houses King Manor Museum.

Late 18th and 19th centuries[edit]

By 1776, Jamaica had become a trading post for farmers and their produce. For more than a century, their horse-drawn carts plodded along Jamaica Avenue, then called King's Highway. The Jamaica Post Office opened September 25, 1794, and was the only post office in the present-day Boroughs of Queens or Brooklyn before 1803.^[14] Union Hall Academy for boys, and Union Hall Seminary for girls, were chartered in 1787.^[15] The Academy eventually attracted students from all over the United States and the West Indies.^[16] The public school system was started in 1813 with funds of $125. Jamaica Village, the first village on Long Island, was incorporated in 1814 with its boundaries being from the present-day Van Wyck Expressway (on the west) and Jamaica Avenue (on the north, later Hillside Avenue) to Farmers Boulevard (on the east) and Linden Boulevard (on the south) in what is now St. Albans.^[17] By 1834, the Brooklyn and Jamaica Railroad company had completed a line to Jamaica.

In 1850, the former Kings Highway (now Jamaica Avenue) became the Brooklyn and Jamaica Plank Road, complete with toll gate. In 1866, tracks were laid for a horsecar line, and 20 years later it was electrified, the first in the state. On January 1, 1898, Queens became part of the City of New York, and Jamaica became the county seat.

• Van Siclen farm in 1882

• George Bradford Brainerd (American, 1845–1887). Long Island Rail Road Station, Jamaica, ca. 1872–1887. Collodion silver glass wet plate negative. Brooklyn Museum

• The Sugar House and Middle Dutch Church became a prison as the British captured Washington's soldiers during the retreat from New York in 1776. The site today is the location of the Chase Manhattan Bank.^[18]

• Historical marker at Chase Bank

20th and 21st centuries[edit]

The present Jamaica station of the Long Island Rail Road was completed in 1913, and the BMT Jamaica Line arrived in 1918, followed by the IND Queens Boulevard Line in 1936 and the IND/BMT Archer Avenue Lines in 1988, the latter of which replaced the eastern portion of the Jamaica Line that was torn down in 1977–85. The 1920s and 1930s saw the building of the Valencia Theatre (now restored by the Tabernacle of Prayer), the 'futuristic' Kurtz furniture store and the Roxanne Building. In the 1970s, it became the headquarters for the Islamic Society of North America.

The many foreclosures and the high level of unemployment of the 2000s and early 2010s induced many black people to move from Jamaica to the South,^[19] as part of the New Great Migration.

A December 2012 junkyard fire required the help of 170 firemen to extinguish.^[20]

On October 23, 2014, the neighborhood was the site of a terrorist hatchet attack on two police officers of the New York City Police Department. The police later killed the attacker.^[21][22]

The First Reformed Church, Grace Episcopal Church Complex, Jamaica Chamber of Commerce Building, Jamaica Savings Bank, King Manor, J. Kurtz and Sons Store Building, La Casina, Office of the Register, Prospect Cemetery, St. Monica's Church, Sidewalk Clock at 161-11 Jamaica Avenue, New York, NY, Trans World Airlines Flight Center, and United States Post Office are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.^[23]

Demographics[edit]

Based on data from the 2010 United States Census, the population of Jamaica was 53,751, an increase of 1,902 (3.5%) from the 51,849 counted in 2000. Covering an area of 1,084.85 acres (439.02 ha), the neighborhood had a population density of 49.5 inhabitants per acre (31,700/sq mi; 12,200/km²).^[2]

The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 3.6% (1,949) White, 22.2% (11,946) African American, 0.9% (466) Native American, 24.3% (13,073) Asian, 0.1% (66) Pacific Islander, 5.2% (2,814) from other races, and 4.9% (2,647) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 38.7% (20,790) of the population.^[3]

The entirety of Community Board 12, which mainly comprises Jamaica but also includes Hollis, had 232,911 inhabitants as of NYC Health's 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 80.5 years.^{[25]:2, 20} This is slightly lower than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods.^{[26]:53 (PDF p. 84)[27]} Most inhabitants are youth and middle-aged adults: 22% are between the ages of between 0–17, 27% between 25–44, and 27% between 45–64. The ratio of college-aged and elderly residents was lower, at 10% and 14% respectively.^[25]:2

As of 2017, the median household income in Community Board 12 was $61,670.^[28] In 2018, an estimated 20% of Jamaica and Hollis residents lived in poverty, compared to 19% in all of Queens and 20% in all of New York City. One in eight residents (12%) were unemployed, compared to 8% in Queens and 9% in New York City. Rent burden, or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 56% in Jamaica and Hollis, higher than the boroughwide and citywide rates of 53% and 51% respectively. Based on this calculation, as of 2018, Jamaica and Hollis are considered to be high-income relative to the rest of the city and not gentrifying.^[25]:7

Demographic distribution[edit]

Jamaica is large and has a diverse population. It is mostly composed of minority populations, namely African Americans, Hispanics, and Asians.

Jamaica was not always as diverse as it is today. Throughout the 19th to early 20th centuries, Jamaica was mainly populated with whites as new Irish immigrants settled around the places known today as Downtown and Baisley Pond Park. In the 1950s, however, what was later called white flight began and middle-income African Americans started taking their place. After the 1970s, as housing prices began to tumble, many Hispanic such as Salvadorans, Colombians, Dominicans, and West Indian immigrants moved in. These ethnic groups tended to stay more towards the Jamaica Avenue and South Jamaica areas. Immigration from other countries did not become widespread until the late 1990s and early 2000s. Gentrification and decrease in crime attracted many families to Jamaica's safe havens; Hillside Avenue reflects this trend. Along 150th to 161st streets, much of the stores and restaurants typify South American and Caribbean cultures.

Farther east is the rapidly growing East Indian community. Mainly spurred on by the Jamaica Muslim Center, Bangladeshis have flocked to this area due to easy transit access and the numerous Bangladeshi stores and restaurants lining 167th and 168th Streets. Bangladeshis are the most rapidly growing ethnic group here; however, it is also an African-American commercial area. Many Sri Lankans also live in this area for similar reasons as the Bangladeshi community, reflected by the numerous food and grocery establishments along Hillside Avenue catering to the community. As well as the large South Asian community, significant Filipino and African communities thrive in Jamaica, along with the neighboring Filipino community in Queens Village and the historic, well established African-American community residing in Jamaica.

From 151st Street and into 164th Street, many groceries and restaurants are representative of the West Indies. Mainly of Guyanese and Trinidadian origin, these merchants serve their respective populations in and around the Jamaica Center area. Many East Indian shops are located east from 167th Street to 171st Street. Mainly supported by the ever-growing Bangladeshi population, thousands of South Asians come here to shop for Bangladeshi goods. Also there are restaurants such as 'Sagar', 'Ambala', 'Ghoroa', and countless more in the Bangladeshi stronghold here.Some people call this area another 'Little South Asia' similar to that of Jackson Heights. Jamaica is another South Asian ethnic enclave in New York City, as South Asian immigration and the city's South Asian population has grown rapidly.

Economy[edit]

History[edit]

Economic development was long neglected. In the 1960s and 1970s, many big box retailers moved to suburban areas where business was more profitable. Departing retailers included brand name stores and movie theaters that once thrived in Jamaica's busiest areas. Macy's and the Valencia theater were the last companies to move out in 1969. The 1980s crack epidemic created even more hardship and crime. Prime real estate spaces were filled by hair salons and 99 cent stores. Furthermore, existing zoning patterns and inadequate infrastructure did not anticipate future development.

Since then, the decrease of the crime rate has encouraged entrepreneurs who plan to invest in the area. The Greater Jamaica Development Corporation (GJDC), the local business improvement district, acquired valuable real estate for sale to national chains in order to expand neighborhood commerce. As well they have completed underway proposals by allocating funds and providing loans to potential investors who have already established something in the area. One Jamaica Center is a mixed-use commercial complex that was built in 2002 by The Mattone Group housing Old Navy, Bally Total Fitness, Walgreens, Subway, Dunkin' Donuts, a 15-screen multiplex theater and for a while a Gap. Banking has also made a strong revival as Bank of America, Sterling National Bank, Chase Bank, and Carver Federal Savings Bank have each created at least one branch along various major streets: Jamaica Avenue, Parsons Boulevard, Merrick Boulevard, and Sutphin Boulevard. In 2006, a $75 million deal between the developers, the Mattone Group and Ceruzzi Enterprises, and Home Depot cleared the way for a new location at 168th Street and Archer Avenue.^[29]

The most prominent piece of development has been the renovation and expansion of the Jamaica station from 2001 to 2006. The station, which served the Long Island Rail Road (LIRR), was expanded with a new transfer to the AirTrain JFK to John F. Kennedy International Airport.^[30] A further capacity increase includes a new platform for the LIRR at Jamaica station, set to open in 2019.^[31]

Efforts have been made to follow the examples of major redevelopment occurring in Astoria, Long Island City, Flushing, and Downtown Brooklyn. In 2005, the New York City Department of City Planning drafted a plan that would rezone 368 blocks of Jamaica in order to stimulate new development, relieve traffic congestion, and shift upscale amenities away from low-density residential neighborhoods. The plan includes up-zoning the immediate areas around Jamaica Station to accommodate passengers traveling through the area. To improve infrastructure the New York City Department of Parks & Recreation has agreed to create more greenery and open spaces to allow pedestrians to enjoy the scenery.^[32] At the same time, the city has reserved the right to protect the suburban/residential charm of neighboring areas. Several blocks will be down-zoned to keep up with the existing neighborhood character. On September 10, 2007, the City Council overwhelmingly approved the plan, providing for structures of up to 28 stories to be built around the main transit hub as well as residential buildings of up to 7 stories to be built on Hillside Avenue.^[33][34]

Several projects are in progress. The New York City Economic Development Corporation has issued an RFP for redevelopment of a 45,000 sq ft (4,200 m²) abandoned garage located at 168th Street and 93rd Avenue. Plans are underway to convert this space into retail and parking spots. 'TechnoMart Queens' was the first approved project. Located at Sutphin Blvd. and 94th Ave., Korean-based Prime Construction Corp., Greater Jamaica Development Corporation, and several other partners have signed a deal to create a 13-story mega-mall. 9 floors will be dedicated towards wholesale electronics, 3 floors to retail space for shopping, and it is estimated to contain parking for up to 800 cars. Groundbreaking on this site will initiate in late 2008 and is slated for completion by mid-2011. However, in Q3 2008, Technomart announced that it would not be moving forward with its plan to bring a retailer to the community.^[35]

According to real-estate listing service StreetEasy, Jamaica's real-estate prices are rising the fastest out of all localities in New York City. The community's median home prices rose 39% in 2015.^[36] The median sales price for a small row house in 2015 was $330,000,^[37] and the median asking rent for a three-bedroom house in 2015 was $1,750.^[36] Sutphin Boulevard has been described as 'the next tourist hot spot.'^[38] Jamaica's proximity to the JFK AirTrain has stimulated the development of several hotels.^[39]

Notable businesses[edit]

Aviation[edit]

The Federal Aviation Administration Eastern Region has its offices at Rockaway Boulevard in South Jamaica, near JFK Airport.^[40]

Several businesses are at the nearby John F. Kennedy International Airport. North American Airlines has its headquarters on the property of JFK.^[41] In addition, Nippon Cargo Airlines maintains its New York City offices there.^[42]

When Tower Air existed, its headquarters were at the airport.^[43][44] When Metro International Airways existed, its headquarters were at the airport.^[45]

Social Security[edit]

The Northeastern Program Service Center (NEPSC) is located in the Joseph P. Addabbo Federal Building at Parsons Boulevard and Jamaica Avenue. The NEPSC serves approximately 8.6 million retirement, survivor, and disability insurance (RSDI) beneficiaries, whose Social Security numbers begin with 001 through 134, 729, and 805 through 808. The NEPSC also processes disability claims for beneficiaries age 54 and over for the same SSN series. Constructed in 1989, the 932,000-square-foot (86,600 m²) federal building is a 12-story masonry and steel office structure that was built for the agency and was given $8.5 million 2017 dollars to consolidate operations of SS to the lower 2 floors and bring other Federal leaseholders from other parts of Queens to occupy the upper floors. The funds approved were part of budget cuts proposed during the Obama administration.^[46]

Other businesses[edit]

Grupo TACA operates a Jamaica-area TACA Satellite at 149–16 Jamaica Avenue.^[47]

Police and crime[edit]

Jamaica is patrolled by two precincts of the NYPD.^[48] The 103rd Precinct is located at 168-02 91st Avenue and serves downtown Jamaica and Hollis,^[49] while the 113th Precinct is located at 167-02 Baisley Boulevard and serves St. Albans and South Jamaica.^[50]

The 103rd Precinct ranked 51st safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010,^[51] while the 113th Precinct ranked 55th safest.^[52] With a non-fatal assault rate of 68 per 100,000 people, Jamaica and Hollis's rate of violent crimes per capita is more than that of the city as a whole. The incarceration rate of 789 per 100,000 people is higher than that of the city as a whole.^[25]:8

The 103rd Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 80.6% between 1990 and 2018. The precinct saw 5 murders, 31 rapes, 346 robberies, 408 felony assaults, 152 burglaries, 466 grand larcenies, and 79 grand larcenies auto in 2018.^[53]The 113th Precinct also has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 86.1% between 1990 and 2018. The precinct saw 5 murders, 28 rapes, 156 robberies, 383 felony assaults, 153 burglaries, 414 grand larcenies, and 138 grand larcenies auto in 2018.^[54]

Fire safety[edit]

Jamaica contains four New York City Fire Department (FDNY) fire stations:^[55]

• Engine Co. 275/Ladder Co. 133 – 111-36 Merrick Boulevard^[56]
• Engine Co. 298/Ladder Co. 127/Battalion 50 – 153-11 Hillside Avenue^[57]
• Engine Co. 302/Ladder Co. 155 – 143-15 Rockaway Boulevard^[58]
• Engine Co. 303/Ladder Co. 126 – 104-12 Princeton Street^[59]

Health[edit]

Preterm and teenage births are more common in Jamaica and Hollis than in other places citywide. In Jamaica and Hollis, there were 10 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 21.4 teenage births per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide).^[25]:11 Jamaica and Hollis have a low population of residents who are uninsured. In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 5%, lower than the citywide rate of 12%.^[25]:14

The concentration of fine particulate matter, the deadliest type of air pollutant, in Jamaica and Hollis is 0.007 milligrams per cubic metre (7.0×10⁻⁹ oz/cu ft), less than the city average.^[25]:9 Eight percent of Jamaica and Hollis residents are smokers, which is lower than the city average of 14% of residents being smokers.^[25]:13 In Jamaica and Hollis, 30% of residents are obese, 16% are diabetic, and 37% have high blood pressure—compared to the citywide averages of 22%, 8%, and 23% respectively.^[25]:16 In addition, 23% of children are obese, compared to the citywide average of 20%.^[25]:12

Eighty-six percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which is slightly less than the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 82% of residents described their health as 'good,' 'very good,' or 'excellent,' higher than the city's average of 78%.^[25]:13 For every supermarket in Jamaica and Hollis, there are 20 bodegas.^[25]:10

The nearest major hospitals are Jamaica Hospital and Queens Hospital Center, both located in Jamaica.^[60]

Post offices and ZIP codes[edit]

Jamaica is covered by multiple ZIP Codes. West of Sutphin Boulevard, Jamaica falls under ZIP Codes 11435 north of Linden Boulevard and 11436 south of Linden Boulevard. East of Sutphin Boulevard, Jamaica is part of three ZIP Codes: 11432 north of Jamaica Avenue, 11433 between Jamaica Avenue and Linden Boulevard, and 11434 south of Linden Boulevard.^[61] The United States Post Office operates four post offices nearby:

• Briarwood Station – 138-69 Queens Boulevard^[62]
• Jamaica Station – 88-40 164th Street^[63]
• Archer Avenue New Station – 97-03 Sutphin Boulevard^[64]
• Rochdale Village Station – 165-100 Baisley Boulevard^[65]

Education[edit]

Jamaica and Hollis generally have a lower rate of college-educated residents than the rest of the city. While 29% of residents age 25 and older have a college education or higher, 19% have less than a high school education and 51% are high school graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 39% of Queens residents and 43% of city residents have a college education or higher.^[25]:6 The percentage of Jamaica and Hollis students excelling in math rose from 36% in 2000 to 55% in 2011, and reading achievement increased slightly from 44% to 45% during the same time period.^[66]

Jamaica and Hollis's rate of elementary school student absenteeism is more than the rest of New York City. In Jamaica and Hollis, 22% of elementary school students missed twenty or more days per school year, higher than the citywide average of 20%.^{[26]:24 (PDF p. 55)[25]:6} Additionally, 74% of high school students in Jamaica and Hollis graduate on time, about the same as the citywide average of 75%.^[25]:6

Northeastern Program Service Center Jamaica Ny 11432 Homes

Primary and secondary schools[edit]

Public schools[edit]

Jamaica's public schools are operated by the New York City Department of Education.

Public high schools in Jamaica include:

• Springfield Gardens Educational Campus (formerly Springfield Gardens High School)
• Campus Magnet Educational Campus (formerly Andrew Jackson High School)
• Jamaica Campus (formerly Jamaica High School), an official municipal landmark^[67]
• Queens High School for the Sciences at York College
• High School for Law Enforcement and Public Safety

Public elementary and intermediate (junior high) schools in Jamaica include:

Jamaica Ny Usps

Private schools[edit]

Private schools in Jamaica include:

• Al-Iman School, an Islamic PK-12 school.
• Archbishop Molloy High School, formerly an all-boys' Catholic high school, now co-ed.
• Immaculate Conception School, a co-ed Catholic school from pre-K to 8th grade. The school is a local landmark located on the property of Immaculate Conception Church and Monastery, run by the Passionist Congregation of priests.
• St. Nicholas of Tolentine, a co-ed Catholic school from pre-K to 8th grade, run by the Sisters of Charity
• The Mary Louis Academy, a Catholic girls' high school run by the Sisters of St. Joseph.
• United Nations International School, a private school in Jamaica Estates.^{[citation needed]}
• Cariculum Academy Preschool of Southeast Queens, a community schoolhouse
• Our Lady's Catholic Academy, located in South Ozone Park. it is a co-ed school from nursery to grade 8

The Catholic schools are administered by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn.

From its 1975 founding to around 1980, the Japanese School of New York was located in Jamaica Estates,^[68][69] near Jamaica.^[70]

Colleges and universities[edit]

Several colleges and universities make their home in Jamaica proper or in its close vicinity, most notably:

• York College, a senior college of the City University of New York
• St. John's University (Queens Campus), a private Catholic University founded by the Vincentian Fathers (Lazarists)
• Queens College, a nearby senior college of the City University of New York
• New Brunswick Theological Seminary offers classes at a satellite campus on the St. John's University campus.

Libraries[edit]

The Queens Library operates four branches in Jamaica:

• The Baisley Park branch at 117-11 Sutphin Boulevard^[71]
• The Central Library at 89-11 Merrick Boulevard^[72]
• The Rochdale Village branch at 169-09 137th Avenue^[73]
• The South Jamaica branch at 79-50 Bell Boulevard^[74]

Transportation[edit]

Public transport[edit]

Jamaica station is a central transfer point on the Long Island Rail Road (LIRR), which is headquartered in a building adjoining the station. All of the commuter railroad's passenger branches except for the Port Washington Branch run through the station.

The New York City Subway's IND Queens Boulevard Line (E and ​F trains) terminate at 179th Street station, at the foot of Jamaica Estates, a neighborhood of mansions north of Jamaica's central business district. The Archer Avenue Lines (E​, ​J, and ​Z trains) serve Sutphin Boulevard–Archer Avenue–JFK Airport and Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer stations.^[75] The Jamaica Yard, at the south end of Flushing Meadows–Corona Park, abuts Grand Central Parkway and the Van Wyck Expressway.

Jamaica's bus network provides extensive service across eastern Queens, as well as to points in Nassau County, the Bronx, the Rockaways, and Midtown Manhattan. Nearly all bus lines serving Jamaica terminate near either the 165th Street Bus Terminal or the Jamaica Center subway station, except for the Q46 bus, which operates along Union Turnpike, at the northern border of Jamaica.^[76]

Greater Jamaica is also home to John F. Kennedy International Airport—one of the busiest international airports in the United States and the world—public transportation passengers are connected to airline terminals by AirTrain JFK, which operates as both an airport terminal circulator and rail connection to central Jamaica at the integrated LIRR and bi-level subway station located at Sutphin Blvd and Archer Avenue.

Major thoroughfares[edit]

Major streets include Archer Avenue, Hillside Avenue, Jamaica Avenue, Liberty Avenue, Merrick Boulevard,Rockaway Boulevard, Parsons Boulevard, Guy R. Brewer Boulevard (formerly known as New York Boulevard but renamed for a local political leader in 1982), Sutphin Boulevard, and Union Turnpike, as well as the Van Wyck Expressway (I-678) and the Grand Central Parkway.

Jamaica Avenue is Jamaica's busiest thoroughfare. It begins at Broadway Junction in Brooklyn, near the boundary of the East New York neighborhood. The Avenue enters Jamaica east of the Van Wyck Expressway, and passes the Joseph Addabbo Social Security Administration Building, courthouses and the main building of the Queens Library, along with many discount stores. The 200-year-old King Manor Museum, once home to Rufus King, a founding father of the United States, is located at the corner of 153rd St. and Jamaica Ave. It includes a 2-story museum with over an acre of land and a public park. Directly across from the Museum is the former First Reformed Dutch Church of Jamaica, a National Register of Historic Places-listed landmark that has been adaptively reused into the Jamaica Performing arts center.^[77]

Hillside Avenue is one of the main thoroughfares of Jamaica. It is served by the E and ​F trains, from Sutphin Boulevard to its 179th Street terminus. Hillside Avenue runs east from Myrtle Avenue in Richmond Hill, along the length of Jamaica, into Queens Village, and finally, Nassau County. It is a wide six-lane street with numerous commercial activities. Hillside Avenue separates Jamaica from Briarwood, Jamaica Hills and Jamaica Estates on the southern boundary.

Sutphin Boulevard is Jamaica's second busiest thoroughfare. It has two subway stations, as well as stations for the LIRR and the AirTrain JFK, and two Queens courthouses. It begins at Hillside Avenue and 147th Place in the north and works its way south and downhill connecting with Jamaica Avenue, Archer Avenue, Liberty Avenue, South Road, Linden Boulevard, and terminates at Rockaway Boulevard. At first it is a small four-lane street, but in the downtown area it provides six lanes. At 95th Avenue, it reemerges from the LIRR underpass and becomes a four-lane street to its southern endpoint.

Union Turnpike travels through, and serving as the northern border between the towns of Flushing and Jamaica. Though both towns were absorbed into New York City in 1898, the division is evident today in the addresses. Buildings on the north side generally begin with a 113- ZIP Code, indicating Flushing, and buildings to the south side begin with a 114- ZIP Code, indicating Jamaica. Union Turnpike separates the northern boundaries of Briarwood, Jamaica Hills and Jamaica Estates from the southern boundaries of Flushing and Fresh Meadows.

Rockaway Boulevard begins at 90th Avenue and Elderts Lane in Woodhaven, continuing southeast through Ozone Park, South Ozone Park, South Jamaica, Springfield Gardens, Brookville, and Meadowmere. The segment between Farmers Boulevard in Springfield Gardens and the New York City border in Meadowmere connects the two discontinuous sections of New York State Route 878, the Nassau Expressway. In addition, Rockaway Boulevard abuts the northern border of JFK Airport between Farmers and Brookville Boulevards.

Parks and recreation[edit]

Baisley Pond Park has over 100 acres (0.40 km²) of outdoor recreational space, including a 30-acre (0.12 km²) pond.^[78]

Flushing Meadows–Corona Park abuts Jamaica on its far northwestern corner. At 897 acres (363 ha), it is the fourth-largest public park in New York City.^[79] The southernmost part of the park is adjacent to Willow Lake, which is named for the many species of Willow plants which inhabit the area.^[80] The Jamaica subway yard is located at the very south end of the park site, beyond Willow Lake.^[81]

Neighboring areas[edit]

Neighboring areas are Jamaica Estates, Jamaica Hills, Holliswood, Bellerose, Briarwood, Cambria Heights, St. Albans, Hollis, Queens Village, South Ozone Park, Kew Gardens, Richmond Hill, Laurelton, Rosedale, Brookville, Rochdale, South Jamaica, Springfield Gardens, Hillcrest, Kew Gardens Hills, Fresh Meadows, Meadowmere, Meadowmere Park, and Woodhaven.

Notable residents[edit]

Notable current and former residents of Jamaica include:

• 50 Cent, rapper and entrepreneur^[a]
• Cecily Adams, actress^[a][83]
• Khandi Alexander, actress and dancer
• Lloyd Banks, rapper and member of hip-hop group G-Unit^[a][84]
• Bob Beamon, Olympian and world record holder for long jump^[85]
• Fritz Billig, stamp dealer and author of Billig's Philatelic Handbooks
• Don Blackman, jazz-funk pianist, singer and songwriter
• Paul Bowles, writer and composer
• Jimmy Breslin, author and columnist
• Harvey Brooks, musician and composer
• Cal Bruton, basketball player
• Increase Carpenter Minuteman, Revolutionary war veteran^[86]
• Tina Charles, WNBA player current with the New York Liberty
• Sri Chinmoy, philosopher and spiritual teacher
• Chinx, rapper
• Buck Clayton, jazz trumpeter^[87]
• Desiree Coleman, singer, actress
• Mario Cuomo, former governor of New York 1983–1995^[a]
• Nelson DeMille, author^[a][88]
• Rocco DiSpirito, chef^[a]
• Alan Dugan, poet
• Ann Flood, actress
• Ashrita Furman, holder of the most Guinness World Records, with 88 Guinness World Records
• Alonzo Holt, singer
• Scott Ian, rhythm guitarist for Anthrax^[a][89]
• Marc Iavaroni, basketball player, former head coach of the Memphis Grizzlies
• K. Sparks, Christian hip hop musician
• Kamara James, Olympic fencer
• James P. Johnson, 'stride' pianist and composer^[87]
• William T. Kane, physicist^[a]
• Crad Kilodney, writer
• Rufus King, signer of the United States Constitution
• Len Kunstadt, jazz/blues historian, record label owner
• Gerald S. Lesser psychologist, Sesame Street programming developer^[90]
• Sally Marr, stand-up comic, dancer, actress and talent spotter, mother of comic Lenny Bruce, whose act she influenced
• Debi Mazar, actress
• Darryl McDaniels (DMC), rapper
• Metallica briefly lived here in April 1983 before recording their debut Kill 'Em All
• Marcus Miller, jazz composer, producer and multi-instrumentalist
• Nicki Minaj, rapper, born in Trinidad, brought to Queens at 5 years old
• Charles Mingus, jazz bassist, composer and autobiographer^[87]
• Lamar Odom, NBA star, former reality TV star
• Walter O'Malley, former owner of the Brooklyn and L.A. Dodgers. Lived in Jamaica from 1917 to 1920.^[91][92]
• Richard Parsons, former chairman of Citigroup and former chairman and CEO of Time Warner
• Letty Cottin Pogrebin, writer/journalist
• Khalid Reeves, former NBA Player
• Freddie Roman, comedian
• Salt-n-Pepa, rappers
• Al Sears, jazz saxophonist^[87]
• Assata Shakur, activist and convicted murderer^[a]
• Joseph Simmons (Run), rapper/pastor
• Russell Simmons, entrepreneur/producer
• Heathcliff Slocumb, former pitcher
• Fredro Starr, actor, rapper and member of hip-hop group Onyx
• William Grant Still, 'dean of American black composers'^[87]
• Sticky Fingaz, actor, rapper and member of hip-hop group Onyx
• Eva Taylor, 20s vocalist known as the 'Dixie Nightingale'^[87]
• Fred Trump, real estate developer
• Donald Trump, real estate tycoon, Reality television Star, and President of the United States(B)
• Ben Webster, jazz tenor saxophonist^[87]
• Marinus Willett, mayor of New York 1807–08
• Clarence Williams, jazz pianist and composer^[87]
• Fess Williams, jazz clarinetist^[87]
• Bernard Wright, pop/funk/jazz composer, keyboardist and singer
• Tony Yayo, rapper and member of hip-hop group G-Unit

See also[edit]

• New York City portal

References[edit]

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3. ^ ^abTable PL-P3A NTA: Total Population by Mutually Exclusive Race and Hispanic Origin - New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas*, 2010, Population Division - New York City Department of City Planning, March 29, 2011. Accessed June 14, 2016.
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31. ^'$121 Million Initiative to Rebuild Hicksville Station Begins Construction; $64.9 Million Contract Award to Improve Jamaica Station'. www.mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. September 21, 2016. Retrieved February 5, 2018.
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34. ^https://ny.curbed.com/maps/jamaica-queens-development-construction-map-nyc
35. ^'TechnoMart Drops Out Of Jamaica'. Queens Chronicle. Retrieved January 2, 2016.
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37. ^https://patch.com/new-york/jamaica/jamaica-estates-queens-most-affordable-neighborhood-report
38. ^'Sutphin Boulevard: The Next Tourist Hot Spot? - NY City Lens'. NY City Lens. Retrieved April 12, 2016.
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40. ^'Eastern Region Contact Information.' Federal Aviation Administration. Retrieved January 20, 2012. 'Federal Aviation Administration Eastern Region 159-30 Rockaway Blvd. Jamaica, NY 11434-4848'
41. ^'Contact UsArchived March 28, 2010, at the Wayback Machine.' North American Airlines. Retrieved May 4, 2010. 'Contact Us CORPORATE OFFICE North American Airlines Building 141 Federal Circle JFK International Airport Jamaica, NY 11430 '
42. ^'America.' Nippon Cargo Airlines. Retrieved February 17, 2012. 'Cargo Bldg.66, JFK Int'l Airport, Jamaica, NY 11430'
43. ^'How to Contact Us.' Tower Air. Retrieved May 28, 2009. 'Corporate Headquarters Hangar #17 JFK International Airport Jamaica, NY 11430
44. ^'World Airline Directory.' Flight International. March 30, 1985. 127.' Retrieved June 17, 2009. 'Head Office: Building 178, JFK International Airport, New York 10430, USA' (continued from page 124)
45. ^'World Airline Directory.' Flight International. April 3, 1982. 852. 'Head Office: Building 178, JFK International Airport, Jamaica, New York 11430, USA.'
46. ^https://www.gsa.gov/node/86372
47. ^'TACA Offices.' Grupo TACA. Retrieved January 27, 2009.
48. ^'Find Your Precinct and Sector - NYPD'. www.nyc.gov. Retrieved March 3, 2019.
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50. ^'NYPD – 113th Precinct'. www.nyc.gov. New York City Police Department. Retrieved October 3, 2016.
51. ^'Jamaica and Hollis – DNAinfo.com Crime and Safety Report'. www.dnainfo.com. Retrieved October 6, 2016.
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55. ^'FDNY Firehouse Listing – Location of Firehouses and companies'. NYC Open Data; Socrata. New York City Fire Department. September 10, 2018. Retrieved March 14, 2019.
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60. ^Finkel, Beth (February 27, 2014). 'Guide To Queens Hospitals'. Queens Tribune. Retrieved March 7, 2019.
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64. ^'Location Details: Archer Avenue New'. USPS.com. Retrieved March 7, 2019.
65. ^'Location Details: Rochdale Village'. USPS.com. Retrieved March 7, 2019.
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67. ^The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, March 24, 2009Archived February 8, 2017, at the Wayback Machine
68. ^Kulers, Brian G. 'QUEENS NEIGHBORHOODS QUEENS CLOSEUP East Meets West in School For Japanese in America.' Newsday. November 12, 1986. News, Start Page 31. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
69. ^Buckley, Tom. 'Pride and Pleasure Evident Beneath Usual Restraint; Japanese Here Prepare for Imperial Visit.' The New York Times. September 23, 1975. Page 39. Retrieved January 9, 2012. 'Students from the Japanese School of New York in Jamaica Estates[..]'
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76. ^'Queens Bus Map'(PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. December 2017. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
77. ^David J. Framberger; Joan R. Olshansky; Elizabeth Spencer-Ralph (October 1989). 'National Register of Historic Places Registration: Office of the Register'. New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. Retrieved January 16, 2011.See also:'Accompanying three photos'.
78. ^Jackson, Kenneth T., ed. (1995), The Encyclopedia of New York City, New Haven: Yale University Press, p. 673, ISBN0300055366
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80. ^'Flushing Meadows Corona Park: Willow Lake Trail'. New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. Retrieved April 3, 2017.
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82. ^'Event: Public Art Opening: Rose DeSiano's Absent Monuments at Rufus King Park in Rufus King Park'. NYC Parks. August 4, 2018. Retrieved December 5, 2018.
83. ^via Greater Astoria Historical Society. 'Film, stage actress Cecily Adams, 46, born in Jamaica', TimesLedger, March 3, 2013. Accessed November 15, 2016. 'Actress Cecily Adams was born in Jamaica Feb. 6, 1958, to singer Adelaide Efantis and actor Don Adams, of Get Smart fame.'
84. ^LLoyd Banks, Billboard (magazine). Accessed November 15, 2016. 'Lloyd Banks was raised in Jamaica, Queens, by his Puerto Rican mother; his father spent much of his son's childhood behind bars.'
85. ^Schwartz, Larry. 'Beamon made sport's greatest leap', ESPN. Accessed November 15, 2016. 'Beamon was born Aug. 29, 1946 in Jamaica, N.Y.'
86. ^Hirshon, Nicholas. 'It's a long battle for war hero sign', New York Daily News, September 28, 2010. Accessed August 26, 2018. 'The state Education Department posted a cast-iron sign on Jamaica Ave. in Hollis in 1935 to note the important moment during the American Revolution. The inscription read, 'On Aug. 28, 1776, Gen. Nathaniel Woodhull was captured and fatally wounded by the British in Increase Carpenter's house 200 feet north of this spot.'
87. ^ ^abcdefghiTarek, Shams (January 31, 2003). 'Celebrating Black History Month: History Makers That Have Made A Mark On Southeast Queens'. Southeast Queens Press. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
88. ^Strickland, Carol. 'Novelist Uses The Island's Gold Coast As A Setting For A Clash of Cultures', The New York Times, April 8, 1990. Accessed December 13, 2007. 'Mr. De Mille was born in Jamaica, Queens, and educated at Elmont High School and Hofstra University, and so he knows the area well, although he calls himself a member in good standing of the middle class.'
89. ^Ives, Brian. 'Scott Ian Talks Anthrax, Racism and Metal’s Lean Years'Archived January 18, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, Radio.com, November 5, 2014. Accessed November 15, 2016. 'And while that sounds a bit abrasive, Ian is a pretty friendly guy, with an zen-like take on all the things he’s been through in his life, including (but not limited to) being in a metal band with a rotating cast through that genre’s boom and it’s crash, a few divorces, and coming from a tumultuous family home in Jamaica, Queens.'
90. ^Fox, Margalit. 'Gerald S. Lesser, Shaper of ‘Sesame Street,’ Dies at 84', The New York Times, October 4, 2010. Accessed October 4, 2010.
91. ^NOTEWORTHY ALUMNI OF JAMAICA HIGH SCHOOLArchived September 4, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, Jamaica High School. Accessed November 2, 2007.
92. ^'Walter F. O'Malley, Leader of Dodgers' Move to Los Angeles, Dies at 75; Unqualified Success', The New York Times, August 10, 1979. 'The son of a commissioner of markets, he attended Jamaica High School in Queens and Culver Military Academy on Indiana, where he played on the baseball team until a broken nose finished his playing career.'

External links[edit]

• Greater Jamaica Development Corporation (the source of much of the historical information in this article)
• The Cultural Collaboration of Jamaica, JAMS (Jamaica Arts & Music Summer festival) sponsor
• 'A Road Not Taken, Much' NY Times City Section, April 15, 2007
• History of Queens County: Jamaica New York: W.W. Munsell & Co.; 1882. pp. 193–257.